Perhaps best known story struggle for rights in a company, is the Hebrew people and their departure from Egypt around 1250 BC in what is known as the exodus, more than anything else in history, this event gave the Hebrews a identity, a nation, a founder, a name but all right. The exodus from Egypt is a struggle for the freedom of an oppressed people, independence is out of anonymity, is told and repeated every year, both by Jews and those who are not, but also in the migration from Egypt to Canaan the town becomes a village of standards, receiving the Torah (law), and the Hebrew phrase na'aseh venishma, we will do and obey, solemnly shuts people's commitment to submit to laws not only religious, but living that are models for mankind, for it to Carlos Perez del Valle, the roots of Western criminal law is in the people of Israel, although some other authors speak of a Divine law and a judicial function exercised in the name of the Deity, by their representatives on earth, it is undeniable the impact of the people of Israel and the notion of natural law engraved in the consciousness and confirmed in the Decalogue in a simple and more broadly in the Torah and the Talmud. But who reads these lines should not think that the criminal law of ancient Israel is a regulation of crimes against religion, is more than that, since it is a criminal law of public life in the context of a theocracy. The best known of this period is called the law of retaliation, his most characteristic aspect is to make the offender suffer damage equal to that caused, which already provides elements of relevance to the theory of punishment, as there is an excessive punishment, but proportionate to the breach is also not crucial because it only applies to criminal, not his family, including a financial character is introduced, since it requires the payment in case the damage was caused by the animals next door. It sets up in the right order of redemption, but is not completely disconnected from the remuneration derived from divine justice is administered and accepted by the people of Israel. Is not unique to the Hebrew people such penalties, appears in many towns, but it is managed by the priestly class, what matters is that the people of Israel had a written code immutable and that justice is applied not by priests but by judges, those with grade competition, thousands, hundred and ten, by what right can see a well-structured that departs from the mere divine vengeance exercising other people and also a hierarchy of civil courts dispensed justice. If we consider that these rules written, appeared between 1500 - 1250 BC, though not the oldest, the most developed of which we have evidence for this period, illustrates the struggle of a people for their right to freedom, land and Most importantly, the submission of an order, looking for coexistence and harmony, and last but not least, is the foundation of Western criminal law.
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